Primary hyperthyroidism occurs when there is an elevated function of the thyroid gland which is not caused by an increased stimulation by a governing hormone (TSH or TRH).
Secondary hyperthyroidism is caused by increased stimulation by TSH.
These two definitions are given by the World Health Organisation and are the premise on which we will further build our understanding of hyperthyroidism. The best thyroid specialist in Kolkata will take a look at all the details regarding this condition.
What Causes Hyperthyroidism?
Hyperthyroidism has several causes. The causes include Graves’ disease, thyroiditis, too much iodine, too much thyroid hormone medication, noncancerous tumour of the pituitary gland, and overactive thyroid nodules. Let’s take a look at the most common cause of hyperthyroidism which is Graves’ disease.
What is Graves’ Disease?
This is a condition wherein there is a generalised increased activity of the enlarged thyroid gland. Graves’ disease has 3 components, these 3 parts are hyperthyroidism, protruding eyes, and skin lesions. This disease is an autoimmune disorder that can run in families. In this disease, a person’s immune system attacks the thyroid, forcing it to make too much thyroid hormone.
What is Thyroiditis?
This condition is an inflammation of the thyroid gland. Some types of thyroiditis can cause excess thyroid hormones to leak out which causes symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
How Does a Doctor Diagnose Hyperthyroidism?
Doctors do not only look at symptoms to diagnose hyperthyroidism. You will have to undergo a thyroid function test and imaging to check for an enlarged thyroid.
When the TSH level is low, but free T4 is high, then it is a case of primary hyperthyroidism. If the TRAb level is high then it is a case of Grave’s disease.
You need to get these tests shown to the best thyroid specialist in Kolkata and they will help diagnose the problem correctly.
What is the Treatment for Hyperthyroidism?
No single treatment works for everyone. The doctor will recommend a treatment for you based on your age, possible side effects, pregnancy, and access to a thyroid surgeon.
On that note, here are some of the treatment options available for hyperthyroidism.
- Medicines (Beta blockers, antithyroid therapy)
- Radioiodine therapy
- Thyroid surgery
- Radiofrequency ablation
What are some of the Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism?
Symptoms vary from person to person and may include the following:
- Frequent bowel movements
- Goitre
- Irritability, trouble sleeping, and fatigue
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Shaky hands, weak muscles
- Sweating or trouble tolerating heat
- Weight loss in spite of increased appetite
Conclusion
Around 42 million Indians are affected by thyroid problems and around 50% of thyroid sufferers are undiagnosed. Hence head over to the best thyroid specialist in Kolkata and get your thyroid problem checked today.